There is ample evidence that tumor-derived factors, such as IL-6, TNFα, and PGE2, induce aberrantly differentiated myeloid cells, such as myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), which mediate immune suppression and promote tumor cell survival, metastasis and progression (5–8). This evidence concerns the gene IL6 and neoplasm.