The S100A8/A9 protein acting via specific receptors on the cancer cell surface and increase the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB)-dependent transcriptional activity; thus, actively participating in immune modulation responses and inflammation, which play essential roles in the tumor growth and progression [5,142,143,145,146,147,148,149,150,151,152,153]. The gene discussed is S100A8; the disease is cancer.