ESR1 and breast carcinoma: Breast cancer (BC) is a heterogeneous disease with at least twenty histological subtypes of invasive breast cancer, based on growth patterns and morphology, and three biological subtypes, characterized by the expression of estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), or the lack of all three receptors (triple-negative BC (TNBC)).