Sepsis-exacerbated diaphragm damage and VIDD are considered to share common molecular mechanisms, including increased oxidative stress, muscle proteolysis (emerging from calpain, caspase-3, autophagy–lysosomal pathway, and ubiquitin–proteasome system activation), and mitochondrial abnormalities within the diaphragm myofibrils, implying that sepsis may be a synergistic contributor to VIDD [12,13]. Here, CASP3 is linked to Sepsis.