Other growth factors that were determined to be increased in patients with MMD, such as bFGF, HGF, and PDGF, also promote endothelial hyperplasia, SMC migration, and collateral formation: bFGF induces the HIF-α pathway and upregulates VEGF indirectly [15,32,39]; PDGF-BB stimulates vascular progenitor cells to differentiate into an SMC lineage, which strengthens intima hyperplasia [12]. This evidence concerns the gene VEGFA and multiminicore myopathy.