ERN1 and fungal infectious disease: Overall, these results demonstrate that UPR impairment during fungal infection severely affected the expression profile of several defense-related miRNAs; as correlated to the increased susceptibility of the UPR mutant bzip28 bzip60 to the pathogen, this finding strongly suggests that the IRE1/bZIP60 pathway of UPR may affect basal defense response through a regulatory mechanism involving microRNAs.