Metformin or other compounds are also used to lower TXNIP aortic levels in vivo or endothelial levels in vitro in order to restrain NLRP3 activation and protect from endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular risk factors [60,67,87,91,92,93,94,95,96,97,98,99,100,101]. The gene discussed is NLRP3; the disease is endothelial dysfunction.