In vitro studies indicate that the mRNA expressions of NLRP3, IL-1, and IL-18 are up-regulated and positively correlated with the increased TXNIP mRNA in the peripheral blood leucocytes of coronary artery disease patients or THP-1 cells [203], which is consistent with the fact that TXNIP can promote vascular inflammatory responses and accelerate the process of atherosclerosis by activating the NLRP3 inflammasome [18,48,111]. The gene discussed is TXNIP; the disease is atherosclerosis.