We have also shown previously that the absence of anti-inflammatory mediators released by capsaicin-sensitive afferents, such as galanin results in increased arthritis severity and vascular leakage in the K/BxN serum transfer model, while lack of vasoactive mediators such as PACAP diminishes vascular hyperpermeability [9,10]. Here, ADCYAP1 is linked to arthritic joint disease.