No difference was observed in SPP, frequency of crossing the grid, incidence of rearing, space exploration time and escape latency among the CUMS group, sh-NC group and anti-miR-NC group (all P > 0.05), suggesting that silencing of HDAC1 or suppression of miR-124-5p could attenuate depression-like behaviors and improve learning and memory abilities in rats. This evidence concerns the gene HDAC1 and depressive disorder.