It was outlined that (Fig. 2b–f) before interference, in comparison with the normal group, SPP, frequency of crossing the grid, incidence of rearing and space exploration time reduced, whereas escape latency prolonged in the CUMS group, sh-NC group, sh-HDAC1 group, anti-miR-NC group and anti-miR-124-5p group (all P < 0.05), suggesting the development of depression-like behaviors in rats. Here, HDAC1 is linked to major depressive disorder.