We could not adjust for use of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and some of the socio-demographic variation in advanced stage at diagnosis of prostate cancer may reflect greater use of PSA testing in the least deprived groups.25 As our study was motivated by the public health target for attaining earlier stage diagnosis for 75% of cancer patients by 2028, we did not consider the translation of differences in stage at diagnosis into differences in life expectancy and number of years lost due to inequalities. The gene discussed is KLK3; the disease is cancer.