GDF15 and hydrops fetalis: Though several biomarkers were proved to be related to HF triggered by AMI, such as natriuretic peptides (NPs), Galectin-3, soluble suppression of tumorigenicity-2 (sST2), growth/differential factor-15 (GDF-15) [7, 8], powerful biomarkers for early prediction of post-AMI HF remain elusive.