In MS, which is a chronic demyelination disease, HSPB1 and HSPB8 expression is enhanced in the active stages of demyelination in white matter lesions exclusively in astrocytes, and this is apparently a secondary response to damage; HSPB1 and HSPB8 activation has been proposed to play a role in controlling inflammation and promoting tissue repair [83]. This evidence concerns the gene HSPB1 and myeloid sarcoma.