Neuroinflammation is a hallmark of different neurodegenerative diseases, and HSPB8 upregulation in astrocytes is prominent in many neurological diseases, such as multiple sclerosis (MS), Alzheimer disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), and X-linked adrenoleucodystrophy (X-ALD), in which it associates with astrocyte reactivity. This evidence concerns the gene HSPB8 and Alzheimer disease.