TBK1 and lung cancer: In a mouse model of lung cancer, the adaptor protein, TBK-binding protein 1 (TBKBP1), has been shown to mediate PKCθ direct phosphorylation of TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) in response to epidermal growth factor (EGF) stimulation, leading to the activation of the oncogenic activity of TBK1.