Indeed, double inactivation of both IL-10R and IL-23 in CX3CR1 macrophages (Il10raflox/floxIl23aflox/flox Cx3cr1-Cre mice) protected mice from colitis development, and moreover, Il10raflox/flox Cx3cr1-Cre mice lacking IL-22 (Il10raflox/flox Cx3cr1-Cre Il22−/− mice) did not develop colitis [206]. Here, IL23A is linked to colitis.