The study of adult Sprague-Dawley rats, which underwent nephrectomy demonstrated that curcumin attenuated cardiac hypertrophy and remodeling via the deactivation of multiple hypertrophic signaling pathways, including the ERK/mTOR (extracellular signal-regulated kinase/ mammalian target of rapamycin) pathway [65]. The gene discussed is MTOR; the disease is cardiac hypertrophy.