INS and diabetes mellitus: PCAD patients were also more likely to have diabetes than the control group, whereas there was no significant difference in the duration of diabetes (control: 4.2 (2.1–6.5) years vs. pCAD: 5.1 (2.3–7.4) years) and the rates of insulin (control: 22.2% vs. pCAD: 24.4%) and hypoglycaemic drug (control: 26.7% vs. pCAD: 33.3%) used between the two groups (P > 0.05).