In conclusion, cancer-associated adipocytes produce numerous factors characteristic for inflammation, including typical procachectic cytokines (e.g., IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1 β), chemokines (e.g., CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CXCL8, and CXCL10/IP-10), and other proteins involved in multiple immune system functions (e.g., adiponectin, STAT1, FADD, and VEGF). Here, TNF is linked to cancer.