TNF and cancer: A comparison of serum concentrations of four pro-inflammatory factors (e.g., IL-6, IL-1β, Chemokine (C-X-C Motif) Ligand 8(CXCL8)/IL-8, and TNF-α) in advanced-stage cancer patients showed that IL-1β levels correlated more strongly with clinical characteristics than those of IL-6 [62].