FOXP3 and inflammatory bowel disease: In cases of extraintestinal manifestation with autoimmune anemia, type 1 diabetes mellitus, autoimmune thrombocytopenia, autoimmune thyroiditis, interstitial pneumonia, or other multi-organ autoimmune disorders, IBD may be one of the symptoms of IPEX syndrome caused by FOXP3 deficiency or IPEX-like syndrome caused by mutations in CTLA4, LRBA, STAT1, STAT3, or CARMIL2 (14, 51–56).