MAPK1 and nasopharyngeal carcinoma: LMP1 not only inhibits the expression of dual-specific phosphatase 6 (DUSP6) and DUSP8 through ERK and p38 in the MAPK signaling pathway and promotes the proliferation of LCL but also affects other cells through extracellular vesicles (EVs) and activates the p38-MAPK signaling pathway in NPC cells, enhancing the resistance of cells to chemotherapy [45, 46].