Volasertib decreased the clonogenic potential (Supplementary Fig. 7a), the viability (Supplementary Fig. 7b), induced cell death (Supplementary Fig. 7c), and caspase 2 activation (Supplementary Fig. 7d) of primary ccRCC cells (CC, MM, TF) while it had no effects on normal 15S cells (Supplementary Fig. 7b–d). This evidence concerns the gene CASP2 and nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma.