The immune-inflamed phenotype of S/R RCC tumors was further corroborated by an immunohistochemistry (IHC; N of S/R = 118 and N of non-S/R = 691) assay showing significantly increased PD-L1 (cut-off of ≥1%) expression on tumor cells in S/R compared to non-S/R tumors (43.2% vs. 21.0%; Fisher’s exact p < 0.001; Fig. 4c and Supplementary Data 10) in the CheckMate cohort. This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and neoplasm.