To define the molecular properties underlying the S/R clinical subtype and determine their relationship to potentially enhanced response to ICI, we perform an expanded clinical and molecular integrated characterization of S/R RCC in both clinical trial and real-world cohorts, assessing clinical outcomes on ICI, genomic and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), immunohistochemical (IHC) staining for PD-L1, immunofluorescence (IF)-based assessment of immune infiltration, and transcriptomic evaluation of sarcomatoid cell lines (Fig. 1a). Here, CD274 is linked to renal cell carcinoma.