As shown in Figure 3F, MAIT cells isolated from COVID-19 patients expressed significantly higher levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNFα and IL-17A, as well as of the cytolytic protein granzyme B compared to healthy controls ex vivo, while ex vivo expression of IFNγ and perforin was unchanged (Figure 3F and Figure S3C). The gene discussed is PRF1; the disease is COVID-19.