CSF2 and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: Likewise, in PANC-1 pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells, gene expression changes were detected at the mRNA level affecting eighteen genes (upregulated: CCL21, CCL4, CRYAB, CSF2, CYP2E1, DDIT3, EGR1, FASLG, FMO5, HMOX1, LTA, NFKBIA, NOS2, PTGS1, SOD2; downregulated: CCND1, GADD45A, HSPA1L, HSPA8 (up to 21-fold; p < 0.05; Figure 3B: volcano plot; Figure 3D: table)).