IQR, interquartile range; BMI, body mass index; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; DM, diabetes mellitus; SGLT2, sodium-glucose co-transporter-2; DPPIV, dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitors; GLP-1, glucagon-like peptide-1; AKI, acute kidney injury; CRP, C-reactive protein; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase. Here, DPP4 is linked to acute kidney injury.