LPS induces the formation of the PKM2 monomer/dimer, promotes the transcription of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and NF-κB through interaction with hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α), and further promotes the release of the inflammatory factor IL-1β, which plays an important role in the development of sepsis (32). The gene discussed is HMGB1; the disease is Sepsis.