Moreover, altered expressions of Arp2/3 complex and Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein family member 2 (WASP2) have been linked with poor prognosis of breast cancer, indicating a significant role of actin cytoskeleton dynamics in cancer progression72,73.Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer types among women, and it becomes incurable once the disease has metastasized to the bones. The gene discussed is WASF2; the disease is breast carcinoma.