MCPH1 and microcephaly 1, primary, autosomal recessive: The MCPH1/BRIT1 gene is the first gene reported to be responsible for MCPH type 1 (MCPH1, OMIM251200) and also for another syndrome called premature chromosome condensation syndrome (PCC, OMIM 606858), because MCPH1 patient cells exhibit prophase-like and premature chromosome condensation1,8–11.