TNF and hepatocellular carcinoma: Regarding TNFα as a potential biomarker, it was shown that TNFα polymorphisms in the gene promoter or coding region are associated with a risk of progression in patients with gastric lesions [95,96], with worse prognosis in prostate cancer patients [97], with tumor stage in bladder cancer [98], with risk of recurrence in hepatocellular carcinoma [99] and with higher risk in non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma [100], T cell lymphoma [101], and gastric B cell lymphoma [102].