CD4 and infection: Simultaneously, with this decline, a modulation of the functional antigen-specific CD4+ T cell response occurred (as measured by the production of molecules in response to parasite antigens), with an increase in the frequency of multifunctional antigen-specific CD4+ T cells and an increase in the proportion of CD4+IFN-γ+ T cells; this corresponds to a Th1 profile that is related to improved infection control [7,59].