Treatment with 1,25(OH)2D3 can inhibit PARP1 expression to increase the expression of SIRT1 and repress the phosphorylation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), which improves cardiac dysfunction, hypertrophy and fibrosis in rats of type 1 diabetes (T1D) (40). The gene discussed is PARP1; the disease is type 1 diabetes mellitus.