Similar to IFN-γ treatment, IL-18 treatment did not further alter hepatic TG or FFA levels (TG levels: AF 46.1 ± 11.6 nmol/mg vs. AF+IL-18 40.6 ± 8.8 nmol/mg, p = 0.531; FFA levels: AF 15.1 ± 4.6 nmol/mg vs. AF+IL-18 16.6 ± 5.8 nmol/mg, p = 0.255). The gene discussed is IFNG; the disease is atrial fibrillation.