Evidence from a propensity-score-matched study of 11,248 pairs of patients with RA included in the MarketScan database demonstrated increased rates of hospitalisation due to infection in patients treated with TNF inhibitors (as a class) compared with those treated with abatacept (HR: 0.8; 95% CI: 0.6–1.0) [124]. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is infection.