The exotoxin α-toxin from Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) induced IL-1β secretion mediated by caspase-1 activation in monocytes from healthy controls, and IL-1β secretion by α-toxin was impaired in monocytes from atopic dermatitis patients (Niebuhr et al. 2014). The gene discussed is CASP1; the disease is atopic eczema.