In this multi-institutions-based study of NSCLC patients with platinum-based chemotherapy, we characterized divergent association of platinum efflux transporter gene ABCG2 polymorphism with response and survival, and identified interaction between ABCG2 and the platinum uptake transporter gene SLC31A1 associated with clinical outcomes, furthering the pharmacogenetics understanding of platinum-based chemotherapy. Here, SLC31A1 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.