CD274 and neoplasm: In contrast, non-inflamed tumours, which are more resistant to immunotherapy, present low T cell infiltration and a paucity of MHC class I and PD-L1 expression, thus favouring tumour escape.3 For these cold tumours, approaches such as vaccination, radiotherapy, chemotherapy or adoptive cellular therapy need to be combined in order to obtain a clinical response.4 Indeed, the main challenge for immunotherapy is to switch the tumour phenotype from cold to hot using appropriate treatments.