Our study revealed an intercellular network among LAMP3+ DCs (DC_C3_LAMP3), Treg cells, and exhausted CD8+ T cells (CD8_C11_PDCD1) in NPC, suggesting potential cross-talks among multiple immune cells to foster an immune-suppressive niche for the TME of NPC (Fig. 7). The gene discussed is PDCD1; the disease is nasopharyngeal carcinoma.