We next analyzed the intestinal microbiota composition of Rag1HET and Rag1−/− mice by bacterial 16S rRNA marker gene profiling on fecal samples from Rag1HET and Rag1−/− mice prior to antibiotic treatment, at the day of infection, and following establishment of persistent infection (day 36 post-infection [p.i.]). This evidence concerns the gene RAG1 and infection.