INS and Anxiety: Considering that RIB and MAN induced depressive/anxiety-like behavior and spatial memory impairment, which, respectively, correlated with the insulin-POMC-MEK-TCF7L2 and MAPK-CREB-GRIN2A-CaMKII pathways, the issue of whether inhibition of these pathways could circumvent the effects of RIB and MAN requires further investigation in future studies.