With respect to cystic fibrosis (CF), miRNA-based post-transcriptional regulation of the expression of the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) gene and CFTR-regulators has recently been explored by different groups in CF primary bronchial epithelial cells in vitro or from bronchial brushings ex vivo [7,8,9,10,11]. The gene discussed is CFTR; the disease is cystic fibrosis.