Exogenous HGF [39, 44–48] or endogenous HGF present in the conditioned media of cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) [38], has been shown to protect breast, glioblastoma, lung, ovarian cancer and osteosarcoma cells against apoptosis induced by the DNA damaging agents doxorubicin, cisplatin, camptothecin or paclitaxel. The gene discussed is HGF; the disease is cancer.