Scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI), the first molecularly well-defined HDL receptor in mice, and its human homologue CLA-1 (CD36 and Lysosomal integral membrane protein-II Analogous-1) plays a pivotal role both in the initial (cholesterol efflux and removal from the artery wall) and final (selective HDL-cholesterol uptake in the liver) phase of RCT; it has previously shown that butyrate might enhance the transcriptional activity of SR-BI/CLA-1 expression in human hepatoma HepG2 cells, facilitating RCT with an antiatherogenic activity [141]. The gene discussed is SCARB1; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.