GK and diabetes mellitus: For example, nutrient restriction during the last week of gestation in GK mothers increases beta cell mass in their fetuses [35], and neonatal treatment with glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists prevents the loss of beta cells in intrauterine growth restricted pups [36] and showed efficient amelioration of the adult phenotype (improved beta cell mass and milder diabetes) in diabetes-prone GK pups [37].