This important role of the NLRP3 inflammasome in the pathogenesis of myeloid malignancies and the newly identified KRAS/RAC1/ROS/NLRP3/IL-1β axis has been demonstrated in chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML), juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JNNL) and AML patients harboring the KRAS mutation. The gene discussed is KRAS; the disease is juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia.