When comparing baseline characteristics of survivors and non-survivors in patients with and without HF, it was found that non-survivors had a higher percentage of AF, COPD, CCI score, cardiac arrhythmia, poor HGS, and high Rockwood frailty index, as well as lower serum LDL, albumin, and eGFR, but higher serum creatinine. This evidence concerns the gene ALB and atrial fibrillation.