More recently, it was shown that nintedanib, a multiple tyrosine kinase inhibitor, and pirfenidone, a TGF-β inhibitor, exhibit anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects in experimental murine irradiation models (12, 13) and these drugs are now in clinical use for treatment of pulmonary fibrosis (13, 14). Here, TGFB1 is linked to pulmonary fibrosis.