Studies by Ghobrial et al. (26) and Zhang et al. (30) have shown that there is a close relationship between the occurrence of AKI in neonates and the levels of blood urea nitrogen and serum cystatin C. However, in our study, we did not find any significant difference between the levels of blood urea nitrogen and serum cystatin C in infants with or without kidney injury. This evidence concerns the gene CST3 and acute kidney injury.