In canine PBMCs infected with M. avium for 12 h, signaling pathways related to Th1 immune responses were activated (HMGB1 Signaling, Acute Phase Response Signaling, Role of Pattern Recognition Receptors in Recognition of Bacteria and Viruses, Toll-like Receptor Signaling, and Hepatic Fibrosis/Hepatic Stellate Cell Activation). Here, HMGB1 is linked to Hepatic fibrosis.