TMPRSS2 and prostate cancer: Similarly, Manuel et al. held the opinion that defects in DNA repair may lead to an increase of chromosomal rearrangements and thus to the occurrence of the somatic fusion of TMPRSS2 to ETS oncogenes in prostate cancer, and they detected that DNA repair genes (BRCA2, ESCO1, and POLI, etc.)mutations exist in TMPRSS2-ERG fusion-positive samples (82).