On the one hand, high glucose concentration has been shown to impair hypoxia-induced stabilization and the transcriptional activation function of HIF-1α in cultured human dermal fibroblasts and human dermal microvascular endothelial cells, suggesting that hyperglycemia results in the loss of cellular adaptation to low oxygen in diabetes (Catrina et al., 2004). The gene discussed is HIF1A; the disease is diabetes mellitus.