HPGDS and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: However, enhanced herbicide detoxification via cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (P450s) and glutathione S-transferase (GSTs) activity is the most common NTSR mechanism reported in ALS-, PS II-, HPPD-, and PPO-inhibitor-resistant Palmer amaranth (Nakka et al., 2017a, b, c; Varanasi et al., 2018).